Following up on the Google Play Billing case (Case), the Jakarta Commercial Court (Court) recently rejected an appeal filed by Google LLC (Google) in its entirety on 19 June 2025, thereby upholding the Indonesia Competition Commission (KPPU)’s decision No.03/KPPU-I/2024 (KPPU Decision).¹ As a result of the Court’s rejection, all judgements set out in the KPPU Decision became enforceable. However, Google refused to accept the Court’s decision and chose to file a cassation with the Supreme Court on 2 July 2025, one day before expiry of the cassation filing deadline.

A look back at the Google Play Billing case

Google was found to have engaged in monopolistic practices and abused its dominant position in distributing applications and digital content through the Google Play Store² when it imposed a 15 30% service fee on application developers for using the Google Play Billing System. Any developer who did not comply with this requirement risked having their applications removed from the Google Play Store, clearly demonstrating Google’s abuse of its dominant position. Under the KPPU Decision, Google was fined Rp202.5 billion (approximately US$12.6 million), marking the highest penalty ever imposed by KPPU. Unwilling to pay this fine, Google filed an appeal with the Court on 7 February 2025, requesting that the Court overturn the KPPU Decision. Please see our client update published on 7 March 2025 for further details on the KPPU Decision here.

What’s next for Google?

Cassation with the Supreme Court is Google’s final legal recourse to try and overturn the KPPU Decision, because the Supreme Court’s decision is final and not subject to judicial review (peninjauan kembali). The Supreme Court’s authority to overturn the Case cannot be based on a challenge to any of the material facts of the Case, but can only be based on sufficient evidence that the KPPU or the Court:³

1. lacked the authority to make its decisions;
2. misapplied the applicable law; or
3. failed to comply with the requirements of statutory regulations.

Conclusion

Google’s fate in this Case now depends on whether it is able to adduce sufficient evidence before the Supreme Court to make out one of the above three requirements. Considering the heavy fine KPPU imposed on Google, and the negative impact on Google’s reputation if the KPPU Decision is not overturned, Google’s cassation is their last hope to save face (and money). We will continue to monitor this matter and will report on any developments arising from Google’s cassation to the Supreme Court.